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During a release you have to type the passwords of your GPG and SSH keys very often. Every DSpace module produces several files, all have to be signed and transfered to Sonatype. GPG and SSH agents help you to avoid typing passwords again and again. To use an ssh-agent just start it, export the required environment variables and add your ssh-key. To use a gpg agent start it, export the required environment variables and add the following to your ~/.m2/settings.xml:

<settings>
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  <profiles>  
    <profile>
      <id>gpg-profile</id>
      <properties>
        <gpg.useagent>true</gpg.useagent>
        <!-- If you have gpg2 instead, you can tell Maven to use it instead of 'gpg' by uncommenting the following -->
        <!--<gpg.executable>gpg2</gpg.executable>-->
      </properties>
    </profile>
  </profiles>
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</settings>

Obviously, that should be outside of the <servers> tags but included within the <settings> tags. On each maven run it may ask you once about your password which is a big improvement.

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