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UI FrameworkLanguages / TechnologiesWidely Adopted?Ease of CustomizationResponsive web design supportHTML5 supportREST-friendlyFaceted/Filtered Search/Browse friendlyRapid Development friendlyThird-party plugin ecosystemNotes
Existing DSpace XMLUIJava, Apache Cocoon, XSLTNoNot really (except maybe at Bootstrap level with Mirage2)

Mirage 2 theme = Yes

Other themes = No

NoNoYesNoNo 
Existing DSpace JSPUIJava, JSPsNoNot really (again, except maybe at Bootstrap level with Mirage2)YesA few areas (e.g .HTML5 upload), but not overallNoYesNoNo 
Play! FrameworkJava, ScalaYes, some major sites use it according to Wikipedia Yes, can be used with Bootstrap   YesYes, has a modules repository 
Ruby on RailsRubyYes Yes, has a Rails Bootstrap app, plus many gems   YesYes, in form of Rails plugins & Ruby gems 
Hydra FrameworkRuby on Rails, Fedora, Blacklight

Not worldwide, but has a growing following in libraries, etc.

It's The base technology, Ruby on Rails is widely adopted

 Yes (well, Sufia uses Bootstrap) Yes (uses REST to communicate with Fedora)Yes (Blacklight)YesYes, because it's Ruby on Rails, you often can use Rails plugins and/or Ruby gems

Hydra doesn't currently "work" with DSpace.

It would be a major endeavor to either migrate DSpace into a "Hydra Head" web application or "port" Hydra as a UI on top of DSpace's architecture.

However, if we decided to the the former (create a DSpace-like Hydra Head), there are members of the Hydra Community who want the same thing

GrailsGroovy (based on Java)Yes, large number of sites using Grails listed on website Yes, has several Bootstrap plugins   YesYes, has a plugins repository 
JQuery UIJavascriptYes Yes, e.g. there is a JQuery UI theme for Bootstrap  Yes  Yes, has a plugin repository 

Backbone.js

(Javascript with RESTful JSON interface & Model-View-Presenter)

JavascriptYes, large number of major sites listed on Wikipedia & their homepage Yes, or at least you can use it in conjunction with Bootstrap. Yes YesYes, has plugins and extensionsDesigned for developing "single page web applications". It could prove difficult to use with DSpace because of the complexity of a repository system.
Ember.js (Client-side Javascript web application using MVC)JavascriptYes, see their list of users on website Yes, can use in conjunction with Bootstrap, e.g. https://indexiatech.github.io/ember-components/#/overview Yes YesYes, there's an "addon" repositoryUses Grunt, Bower, NPM (all of which are also in use by Mirage 2 theme)