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Ontologies

The following is a list of all ontologies used by the Triple Examples.

Name	Prefix	URL	Details	Comments
RDF	rdf	http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#	specification
RDF Schema	rdfs	http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#	specification
Dublin Core	dc	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/	specification
Dublin Core Terms	dcterms	http://purl.org/dc/terms	specification	Required by OA
Dublin Core Types	dctype	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype	specification	Required by OA
Content	cnt	http://www.w3.org/2011/content#	specification	Required by OA
ORE	ore	http://www.openarchives.org/ore/1.0/vocabulary#otherRelationships	specification	Recommended as an alternative to the Collections ontology by Rob. Represents both ordered and unordered items using the Aggregation class.
Collections	co	http://purl.org/co	specification	Can represent unordered items using the Bag class and ordered items using the List class.
Open Annotation	oa	http://www.w3.org/ns/oa	specification
Friend of a Friend	foaf	http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1	specification	Also used by OA

Virtual Collections

Virtual Collection's owner

Note: The owner is represented as dc:creator in the Virtual Collection's metadata.

<http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> .
<http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Agent> .

@prefix foaf:    <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1> .

<http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416> a foaf:Person, foaf:Agent .

NOTE:

OR E uses foaf:Agent as the dc:creator.

QUESTIONS:

What URI do we use for a user?
- ANSWER: Each university will determine what to use as the URI for users.
  - Cornell: Will use VIVO URI's for faculty and staff. Doesn't work for students.
    - Ex. VIVO URI - http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/rjv23 – rjv23 is a netid
    - Ex. VIVO URI - http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416 – 24416 is not a netid
    - Ex. VIVO URI - http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/EleanorRayle - EleanorRayle is not a netid
    - For the purposes of our experiment, if the user doesn't exist in VIVO, then they can't create a Virtual Collection.
  - Harvard: ?
  - Stanford: ?

Do we want to keep any other foaf properties beyond setting the type to foaf person?
- ANSWER: None extra needed in our triplestore. We can revisit this if it becomes clear by the implementation that we need to keep additional information.

Virtual Collection's metadata

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/title> "My Virtual Collection" .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/description> "These are resources I am gathering together for personal use." .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator> <http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416> .

@prefix dc:         <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix dcterms:    <http://purl.org/dc/terms> .
 
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155>
  dcterms:title        "My Virtual Collection" ;
  dcterms:description  "These are resources I am gathering together for personal use." ;
  dc:creator           <http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416> .

What properties should be used to express the virtual collection metadata? Possibilities and answer as Selected Property…

Concept	Potential Properties	Selected Property	Comments
Title	rdfs:label, dc:title, dcterms:title	dcterms:title	Based on ORE ontology specification
Description	rdfs:comment, dc:description, dcterms:description	dcterms:description	Based on ORE ontology specification
Owner	dc:creator, dcterms:creator	dc:creator	Based on ORE ontology specification

Virtual Collection's list of items

Two ontologies have been identified as potential candidates for representing a list of items. The pros and cons are listed below for each ontology, followed by examples using each ontology.

	Collections ontology		ORE ontology
–	unordered and ordered collections are represented by two separate class constructs, Bag and List respectively	+	unordered and ordered collections are represented by the same class construct, Aggregation
+	item property names are easy to understand (e.g., index, itemContent, nextItem)	–	item property names are cryptic (e.g., proxyFor, proxyIn, next)
–	order is determined by an item property pointing to the next item, i.e., nextItem	–	order is determined by an item property pointing to the next item, i.e., next
–	URI for the item is not associated with the collection class (e.g., List, Bag).	+	URI for the item is associated with the collection class (i.e., Aggregation) via of the aggregates property.
+	URI for the item is associated with the item class (i.e., Item) via the itemContent property.	+	URI for the item is associated with the item class (i.e., Proxy) via the proxyFor property.

Example 1-co: A Virtual Collection as an ordered collection of items using Collection Ontology's List with one item

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/co#List>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#size> "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#firstItem> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#item> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#lastItem> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162>

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/co#ListItem>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> <http://purl.org/co#index> "1"^^xsd:positiveInteger
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> <http://purl.org/co#itemContent> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730>

@prefix rdf:     <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix co:      <http://purl.org/co> .
 
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> a co:List ;
  co:size       "1"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ;
  co:firstItem  <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> ;
  co:item       <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> ;
  co:lastItem   <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> .
 
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> a co:ListItem
  co:index        "1"^^xsd:positiveInteger ;
  co:itemContent  <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730> .

Example 1-ore: A Virtual Collection as an ordered collection of items using ORE Ontology's Aggregation with one item

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/Aggregation>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730>

@prefix ore:     <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/> .
  
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> a ore:Aggregation ;
  ore:aggregates <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730> .

Example 2-co: A Virtual Collection as an ordered collection of items using Collection Ontology's List with multiple ordered items

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/co#List>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#size> "4"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#firstItem> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#item> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#item> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci163>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#item> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci164>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#item> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://purl.org/co#lastItem> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165>

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/co#ListItem>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> <http://purl.org/co#index> "1"^^xsd:positiveInteger
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> <http://purl.org/co#itemContent> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> <http://purl.org/co#nextItem> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci163>

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci163> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/co#ListItem>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci163> <http://purl.org/co#index> "2"^^xsd:positiveInteger
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci163> <http://purl.org/co#itemContent> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652234>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci163> <http://purl.org/co#nextItem> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci164>

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci164> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/co#ListItem>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci164> <http://purl.org/co#index> "3"^^xsd:positiveInteger
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci164> <http://purl.org/co#itemContent> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652543>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci164> <http://purl.org/co#nextItem> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165>

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/co#ListItem>
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165> <http://purl.org/co#index> "4"^^xsd:positiveInteger
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165> <http://purl.org/co#itemContent> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652884>

@prefix rdf:     <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix co:      <http://purl.org/co> .

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> a co:List ;
  co:size       "4"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ;
  co:firstItem  <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> ;
  co:item       <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> ;
  co:item       <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci163> ;
  co:item       <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci164> ;
  co:item       <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165> ;
  co:lastItem   <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165> .
 
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> a co:ListItem ;
  co:index        "1"^^xsd:positiveInteger ;
  co:itemContent  <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730> ;
  co:nextItem     <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci163> .

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci163> a co:ListItem ;
  co:index        "2"^^xsd:positiveInteger ;
  co:itemContent  <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652234> ;
  co:nextItem     <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci164> .

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci164> a co:ListItem ;
  co:index        "3"^^xsd:positiveInteger ;
  co:itemContent  <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652543> ;
  co:nextItem     <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165> .

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165> a co:ListItem ;
  co:index        "4"^^xsd:positiveInteger ;
  co:itemContent  <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652884> .

Example 2-ore: A Virtual Collection as an ordered collection of items using ORE Ontology's Aggregation with multiple ordered items

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/Aggregation> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652234> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652543> .

<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy162> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/Proxy> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy162> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/proxyFor> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy162> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/proxyIn> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy162> <http://www.iana.org/assignments/relation/next> <http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy163> .

<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy163> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/Proxy> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy163> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/proxyFor> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652234> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy163> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/proxyIn> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy163> <http://www.iana.org/assignments/relation/next> <http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy164> .

<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy164> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/Proxy> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy164> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/proxyFor> <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652543> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy164> <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/proxyIn> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> .

@prefix ore:     <http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/> .
@prefix iana:    <http://www.iana.org/assignments/relation/> .
 
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> a ore:Aggregation ;
  ore:aggregates <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730> ;
  ore:aggregates <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652234> ;
  ore:aggregates <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652543> .
 
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy162> a ore:Proxy ;
  ore:proxyFor <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652730> ;
  ore:proxyIn <http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> ;
  iana:next <http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy163> .
 
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy163> a ore:Proxy ;
  ore:proxyFor <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652234> ;
  ore:proxyIn <http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> ;
  iana:next <http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy164> .
 
<http://localhost:3000/individual/pxy164> a ore:Proxy ;
  ore:proxyFor <http://da-rdf.library.cornell.edu/individual/b3652543> ;
  ore:proxyIn <http://localhost:3000/individual/vc155> .

QUESTIONS:

Should Virtual Collection's type be a subclass of co:List instead of a co:List?
- If so, what is the type? Consensus: Subclass of co:List Ontology to be defined by ontology group.
- Is it LD4L specific? Consensus: YES to be defined by ontology group.
- How is LD4L defining new types? Naming convention, namespace, etc.? Final definitions by ontology group.
  - For now, use namespace=LD4L in Ruby with link <http://ld4l.org/ontology/... – to be defined by ontology group
  - Class name=ld4l:VirtualCollection
  - type URI=<http://ld4l.org/ontology/VirtualCollection>
  - instance URI=<http://localhost:3000/individual/vc123> –
    - what ever I want for now
    - suggest use of individual in URI meaning an instance of a class (used by VIVO too)
    - id starts with alpha because syntax something:vc123 – cannot have number directly after :

Comments

Comments as Free Form Text Annotation

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#Annotation> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93> <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasTarget> <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93> <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#hasBody> <http://localhost:3000/individual/ab205> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93> <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#annotatedBy> <http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93> <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#annotatedAt> "2014-07-21T12:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93> <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#motivatedBy> <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#commenting> .

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93/body> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93/body> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://www.w3.org/2011/content#ContentAsText> .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93/body> <http://www.w3.org/2011/content#chars> "This is my favorite book." .
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93/body> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/format> "text/plain" .

@prefix rdf:      <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix dcterms:  <http://purl.org/dc/terms> .
@prefix dctypes:   <http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype> .
@prefix cnt:      <http://www.w3.org/2011/content#> .
@prefix oa:       <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa> .
 
<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93> a oa:Annotation ;
  oa:hasTarget <http://localhost:3000/individual/vci162> ;
  oa:hasBody <http://localhost:3000/individual/ab205> ;
  oa:annotatedBy <http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416> ;
  oa:annotatedAt "2014-07-21T12:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime
  oa:motivatedBy oa:commenting .

<http://localhost:3000/individual/vci165/comment/changeme:93/body> a dctypes:Text, cnt:ContentAsText ;
  cnt:chars      "This is my favorite book." ;
  dcterms:format "text/plain" .

Access Thoughts

QUESTIONS:

What method is used to protect private Virtual Collections?
- Option 1: maintain two triple stores: 1) private, 2) public
- Option 2: use named graphs within a single triplestore
What triples, if any, are stored for the following concepts related to access control?
- Roles (e.g. site-admin, library-admin, user)
  - only a small set of roles will exist
- Groups (e.g. shared_read_group, shared_write_group)
  - potential for large number of groups to be created by users
- Privileges
  - definitions of what users with specific roles can do
What of these are application specific and what are needed in triples?

Private vs. Public

Public Virtual Collection
- Is discoverable through public search.
- Any user, logged in or not, can view a public virtual collection.
Private Virtual Collection
- Is NOT discoverable through public search.
- User must be logged in and be the owner/creator of the virtual collection to view/edit a private virtual collection.

Semi-Private with Shared Access

Allow shared read-only access. Virtual Collection is not discoverable through public search.
- Option 1: Provide a URL that the owner can share with other users. Anyone using the URL will be able to view the Virtual Collection.
- Option 2: Owner identifies other users who are allowed to view the Virtual Collection

Collaboration

Allow share write access
- Option 1: Owner identifies other users who are allowed to edit the Virtual Collection.

NOTE: This doesn't really come into play until Use Case 1.2, but I want to think about the other access issues with this in mind